Comparative heat transfer analysis of <b><i>γ</i></b>- Al2O3−C2H6O2 and <b><i>γ</i></b>- Al2O3−H2O electroconductive nanofluids in a saturated porous square cavity with Joule dissipation and heat source/sink effects

Inspired by the applications in electromagnetic nanomaterials processing enclosures and hybrid fuel cell technologies, a mathematical model is presented to analyze mixed convective flow of electrically conducting nanofluids ([Formula: see text]-[Formula: text] [Formula: text]) inside square enclosure saturated with porous medium under an inclined magnetic field. The Tiwari–Das model, along viscosity, thermal conductivity, effective Prandtl number correlations, considered this study. impacts Joule heating, viscous dissipation, internal heat absorption/generation are taken into consideration. Strongly nonlinear conservation equations, which govern transfer momentum cavity associated initial boundary conditions, rendered dimensionless appropriate transformations. marker-and-cell technique deployed solve non-dimensional initial-boundary value problem. Validations previous study included. A detailed parametric carried out evaluate influences emerging parameters on transport phenomena. When nanoparticles suspended base-fluid, average rate nanoliquid increased compared case where absent. nanofluid Furthermore, when source present, higher than that nanofluid.